Like magnesium, calcium and copper, selenium is a base element; it even has a chemical symbol (Se). But don’t think of laboratories and test tubes, as it is freely found in soil and makes its way into things we commonly consume.
So, what is so great about Selenium? According to the EU’s food claims register, selenium contributes to the normal function of the immune system and the protection of cells from oxidative stress. As a bonus, to keep us looking tip top, selenium also plays a role in the maintenance of hair and nails.
Translating this into everyday speak, the UK NHS describes the role of selenium as helping “the immune system work properly”, as well as “prevent damage to cells and tissue”. This is particularly important for people who have imbalanced immune systems.
Selenium works by forming selenoproteins in the body, a valuable type of antioxidant that defends the body's cells from attack. They also have been shown to play a role in lowering the volume of inflammatory substances in the body and, possibly, lowering the inflammatory marker CRP.
The evidence connecting selenium with specific inflammatory conditions is still in its infancy, but patients with rheumatoid arthritis do more often show signs of selenium deficiency. Similarly, a major Finnish study did show that “low selenium status may be a risk factor for factor-negative rheumatoid arthritis”, as reported in the Epidemiology journal.
People with no health issues, who regularly eat a nutritious diet, should have no problem with their selenium levels. It is found in nuts (particularly brazil nuts and walnuts) meat (offal, chicken, pork and beef), vegetables (especially green ones, such as broccoli and spinach), fish & seafood (like prawns, sardines or tuna) and eggs. Interestingly, the levels of selenium in foods is dependent on the chemical make-up of soil in a particular area. So, it’s impossible to say the exact levels in a certain food. One thing is known: garlic is rich in selenium, so you can ward off vampires and boost your health in one go.
There are individuals, typically older and living with chronic illness, who have low levels of selenium and for them it’s worth considering a boost, from a supplement. Likewise, if your diet is less than optimal, a top-up might be worthwhile.
